“If I am Prime Minister and you are not an Australian citizen, you will be deported. If I am Prime Minister and you are an Australian citizen, you will be arrested.”

The assessment followed the July 2019 arrest of IS supporter Isaak El-Matari, who was jailed for plotting attacks in Australia and for attempting to establish himself as the group’s “Australian commander”.

The man had applied for an Australian passport and researched flights from Brisbane to Türkiye, intending to cross illegally into Syria.

For the first time, Canada has officially acknowledged that banned extremist groups such as Babbar Khalsa International and the International Sikh Youth Federation remain active in promoting separatism and violence.

Around half of the young people we examined had become engaged with violent extremism through a direct relationship such as a family member or peer.

"Almost certainly, the ‘enthusiastic local’ worked for a foreign intelligence service. The blueprints were given to a state-owned enterprise, which mass-produced the knock-offs

PM stressed the importance of lowering the temperature of debate to prevent further escalation.

The Korolevs have been charged with “preparing for an espionage offence”, which could see them in jail for up to 15 years.

“In 2024, threats to our way of life have surpassed terrorism as Australia’s principal security concern”

In Australia, sabotage is both a federal crime under the Criminal Code and also a crime under state and territory laws.